Introducción: Los corticoides son fármacos útiles en el tratamiento de múltiples condiciones médicas, pero con RAMs potencialmente graves. La población pediátrica es aún más vulnerable por la dificultad de identificar adecuadamente dichas RAMs.
Objetivos: Describir las reacciones adversas más frecuentes de pacientes que recibieron corticoides por corto plazo (<14 días) en un hospital pediátrico de Santiago de Chile.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo basado en los datos existentes entre enero y diciembre del 2019 en el registro de despacho de farmacia. Se describen las RAMs en cuanto a sexo del paciente, medicamento prescrito, sistema comprometido, severidad, causalidad y preventibilidad en los registros clínicos de cada caso.
Resultados: Un 29,9% de los pacientes (52/174) tuvo sospecha de RAM (IC95% 23,2%-37,3%). Los fármacos con mayor asociación a RAMs fueron prednisona e hidrocortisona (51,6% y 41,6%, respectivamente) Los sistemas más frecuentemente comprometidos fueron el SNC y el gastrointestinal. No se reportaron reacciones catalogables como serias ni tampoco prevenibles.
Discusión: Las características de la población estudiada dificultan una estimación precisa de la incidencia de RAMs, existiendo potencialmente un subregistro importante. El documentar RAMs que ocurren a largo plazo o que se determinan con evaluación de especialista y/o exámenes específicos de laboratorio es aún más complejo. Pese a ello, la alta incidencia potencial justifica el conocer el perfil de RAMs a fin de implementar estrategias que disminuyan la frecuencia y gravedad de estas.
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